This paper is an anthropological investigation of the effects of the emphasis on Gender Segregation in private and public spaces on the quality of intimate relationships between girls and boys. Policymakers pursue an emphasis on spatial Gender Segregation with the goal of promoting moral health and preserving the Islamic identity of cities. To assess how policymakers’,goals regarding spatial Gender Segregation affect users’,actions and attitudes, we took advantage of the participation of two groups of girls with different lifestyles. One of these two groups, which adheres strongly to Gendered spatial Segregation rules, was identified as having an inflexible lifestyle and compared to the other group, which adheres more flexibly to Gender Segregation and is referred to as the flexible lifestyle group. Lefebvre’, s theory was used to emphasize space as a social product and to distinguish between spatial action, spatial representation, and representative space. The research method was ethnographic and comparative, focusing on participant observation techniques and ethnographic interviews. The research shows that inflexible Gender Segregation is associated with secrecy and riskier decisions. Thus, the research shows that inflexible spatial Segregation does not meet the moral and identity goals of policymakers.

Purpose: The notion of “ Gender Segregation” in the universities has often been challenged with different concurring and opposing theories. The issue has been further highlighted in Farhangian University. Although all the qualifiers in this university, prior to and during admission process, have been cognizant of such Gender Segregation, some elicit resistive responses pursuant to admission and passing some semesters, and then they present their commentary on the relevant implications. The present research seeks to investigate the consequences to Gender Segregation form the students’ perspective. Methodology: By applying a semistandard interview and a purposive-qualitative procedure, an indepth interview was performed on 33 students studying at least 5 semesters in the university, and the interview was terminated based on theoretical saturation. For data analysis, grounded theory was applied. Finding: The research findings were divided into 18 principal categories, and the category “ dubiety (Tashkik, in Islamic Terminology) over Gender Segregation” was semantically reconstructed. The consequences of the dubiety were categorized in the two groups including consensus and inconsistent (i. e. contradictory) consequences. Conclusion: In the end, the research findings were presented in the form of a researcher-made model.

Objectives: Educational systems of the world, including system of our country, are faced with new challenges and issues. One of these challenges is the challenge of Gender Segregation or single-sex education. The purpose of this study is to investigate the Physiological, Biological and Sociological Foundations of Gender Segregation in Education. Method: The method used in the present study is synthesis research method. Results: Advocators of single-sex education believe that the Gender Segregation should be done in Education based on Physiological, Biological and Sociological Foundations and in this regard, they point to the differences between girls and boys in different areas. The most important reasons are the Strengthening academic selfconcept, Different and unequal style of writing girls and boys, Differences in the nature of participation, Difference in sense of belonging and academic affiliation, the importance of affiliation for girls, the importance of competition for boys and the physical selfawareness of girls. Conclusion: Each of the proponents of single-sex and mixed approaches presents their competing reasons. Decision making in this regard is due to various causes and factors therefore, but this research based on theoretical, experiential findings emphasizes on Gender Segregation, because Gender Segregation can lead to the improvement of learning and instruction.

The current study comprises the survey of comments and evaluations from students regarding the Gender Segregation plan which was done as a part of a comprehensive research about this topic. In the conceptual and theoretical framework of the research based on the works of Erving Goffman, Sandra Bem and others, and through criticizing the works, this study aims to examine Gender Segregation with an impartial approach. The statistical population of the research included students from Allameh Tabataba’i University, University of Tehran, and an all-female women’s university, from which 1350 students were chosen through a randomized and quota sampling based on Gender, education, university and faculty. The results show that the majority of the students from Allameh Tabataba’i University and University of Tehran who were the most important recipient of this plan were resistant towards it. Only 13.7 percent of Allameh Tabataba’i students and about 13 percent of University of Tehran students has a positive attitude towards Gender Segregation in universities. This percentage reaches 31 percent in the all-female women’s university.57.4 percent of Allameh Tabataba’i students have demanded for the plan to be terminated, and 59.1 percent of the students of University of Tehran are against the implementation of this plan at their university.

In new social theories, space is a social product that all pillars of society is involved in it s production. Therefore, like other social products, power can be involved in its construction and administration and it can be said that space is the intersection point of power. Gender Segregation in public spaces is one of the political technologies of power that aim to control and manage urban spaces. Following the ideas of Foucault, the main issue of this paper is resistance that is formed against power exercising through Gender Segregation of public spaces. In addition to Foucault, to illustrate the angels of power exercising through space, the theory of Henri Lefebvre was considered and finally to clarify the importance of Gender, implicit in this issue, Judith Butler is referred. Qualitative research method and specifically observation and interview were used to answer the research questions. Here we study the lived experiences of 16 female students from public universities in Tehran. According to the findings, the implementation of disciplinary techniques of space at the level of universities has not created an obedient subject who merely consumes the space. But, a creative and active space consumer is formed that scramble to meet her demands in public spaces.

Gender socialization, as one of the most basic types of socialization, affects a person's individual and social life, including the stability of his or her marital life. The aim of this study was to explain the relationship between Gender socialization and divorce between 178 divorced women and 222 women with emotional divorce, which was conducted by survey method in Bandar Abbas. This study used biological and social theories to explain Gender socialization and theories of structural functionalism and the love triangle to explain divorce. In the present study, simple and stratified random sampling proportional to volume was used for women with emotional divorce and chain sampling was used for divorced women. Questionnaire data were collected through interviews and face validity was confirmed through literature review and expert judgment, structural validity was confirmed by factor analysis and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. The results showed that Gender socialization of 29.4% of divorced women and 70.6% of women with emotional divorce is traditional, and on the other hand 60.2% of divorced women and 39.8% of women with emotional divorce, Had a modern Gender socialization. According to the results of Chi-square test, there is a significant relationship between the type of Gender socialization of women, Gender values, Gender inequality and power relations with the type of divorce. Accordingly, women with emotional divorce have a more traditional outlook than divorced women.

Gender socialization, as one of the most basic types of socialization, affects a person's individual and social life, including the stability of his or her marital life. The aim of this study was to explain the relationship between Gender socialization and divorce between 178 divorced women and 222 women with emotional divorce, which was conducted by survey method in Bandar Abbas. This study used biological and social theories to explain Gender socialization and theories of structural functionalism and the love triangle to explain divorce. In the present study, simple and stratified random sampling proportional to volume was used for women with emotional divorce and chain sampling was used for divorced women. Questionnaire data were collected through interviews and face validity was confirmed through literature review and expert judgment, structural validity was confirmed by factor analysis and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. The results showed that Gender socialization of 29.4% of divorced women and 70.6% of women with emotional divorce is traditional, and on the other hand 60.2% of divorced women and 39.8% of women with emotional divorce, Had a modern Gender socialization. According to the results of Chi-square test, there is a significant relationship between the type of Gender socialization of women, Gender values, Gender inequality and power relations with the type of divorce. Accordingly, women with emotional divorce have a more traditional outlook than divorced women.

In this article, residential Segregation in the city of Tehran has been investigated. The Segregation of different social groups has been investigated through scientific methods and proper indexation. In recent years, this Segregation has been looked at from two perspectives, on group believes in increasing differentiation, and the other emphasizes the polarization, duality or zonality of the social spatial of the cities. In this article, in lieu of the important consequences of residential Segregation in cities, the assumption of the spatial separation of different socio-economic groups has been tested using different statistical indications. The result confirm the separation of different social status and its dimension have been proven according to the regions.